1. Songa ukuze uhlele inhloso yalesi sigaba
Insimbi ye-H13isetshenziselwa ukwakha ama-forging afayo anomthwalo omthelela omkhulu, i-hot extrusion iyafa, i-precision forging iyafa;i-die-casting ifa nge-aluminium, ithusi nama-alloys awo.

Kungukwethulwa kwe-H13 air quench eqinisa umsebenzi oshisayo we-die steel evela e-United States.Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ngokuyisisekelo kuyafana nalokho kwensimbi ye-4Cr5MoSiV, kodwa ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-vanadium, izinga lokushisa layo eliphakathi nendawo (ama-degree angu-600) lingcono kunensimbi engu-4Cr5MoSiV.Kuyizinga lensimbi elimele elinobubanzi obuningi bokusetshenziswa emsebenzini oshisayo we-die steel.
2. Izici
I-Electroslag insimbi encibilikisiwe, insimbi inokuqina okuphezulu nokumelana nokuqhekeka okushisayo, insimbi iqukethe okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni ne-vanadium, ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle, ukuqina okubuthakathaka, kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuhle.Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, inamandla angcono nobulukhuni, ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu kanye nokuqina, izici ezinhle kakhulu zemishini ebanzi kanye nokuzinza okuphezulu kokumelana nokushisa.
3. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ensimbi
Insimbi ye-H13 iyinsimbi ye-C-Cr-Mo-Si-V, esetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izazi eziningi ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene zenze ucwaningo olunzulu ngakho futhi zihlola ukuthuthukiswa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali.Insimbi isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi inezici ezinhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinqunywa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ensimbi.Yiqiniso, izakhi zokungcola ensimbi kufanele zincishiswe.Enye idatha ibonisa ukuthi uma i-Rm ingu-1550MPa, okuqukethwe kwesibabule kokokusebenza kuyehla kusuka ku-0.005% kuya ku-0.003%, okuzokhuphula ukuqina komthelela cishe ngo-13J.Ngokusobala, izinga le-NADCA 207-2003 libeka ukuthi okuqukethwe kwesibabule sensimbi ye-premium H13 kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.005%, kuyilapho okuqukethwe kwesibabule kokuphezulu kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.003%S no-0.015%P.Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi ye-H13 kuhlaziywa ngezansi.

I-Carbon: I-American AISI H13, i-UNS T20813, i-ASTM (inguqulo yakamuva) i-H13 kanye nensimbi ye-FED QQ-T-570 H13 inokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni engu- (0.32~0.45)%, okuyikhabhoni eningi kakhulu kunawo wonke.H13 izinsimbi.Okubanzi.Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ye-German X40CrMoV5-1 kanye ne-1.2344 yi-(0.37~0.43)%, futhi ububanzi bokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni buncane.NgesiJalimane i-DIN17350, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwe-X38CrMoV5-1 kungu-(0.36~0.42)%.Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ye-SKD 61 e-Japan ngu-(0.32~0.42)%.Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwe-4Cr5MoSiV1 kanye ne-SM 4Cr5MoSiV1 ku-GB/T 1299 yezwe lami kanye ne-YB/T 094 kungu-(0.32~0.42)% kanye (0.32~0.45)%, okufanayo ne-SKD61 ne-AISI H13, ngokulandelana.Ikakhulukazi, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi ye-H13 ku-North American Die Casting Association NADCA 207-90, 207-97 kanye namazinga we-207-2003 acaciswe njenge (0.37 ~ 0.42)%.

Insimbi ye-H13 equkethe u-5% Cr kufanele ibe nokuqina okuphezulu, ngakho okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-C kufanele kugcinwe ezingeni elenza inani elincane lezinhlanganisela ze-alloy C.U-Woodyatt no-Krauss baveze ukuthi kumdwebo wesigaba se-Fe-Cr-C ternary ku-870℃, indawo yensimbi ye-H13 ingcono lapho kuhlangana khona i-austenite A kanye (A+M3C+M7C3) izifunda zezigaba ezintathu.Okuqukethwe okuhambisanayo kwe-C cishe ku-0.4%.Lesi sibalo siphinde sibonisa ukwanda kwenani le-C noma i-Cr ukuze kwandiswe inani le-M7C3, kanye ne-A2 ne-D2 yensimbi enokumelana okuphezulu kokugqoka ukuze kuqhathaniswe.Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina okuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwe-C ukuze wenze iphoyinti lika-Ms lensimbi lithathe izinga lokushisa eliphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa (i-Ms yensimbi ye-H13 ngokuvamile ichazwa ngokuthi 340℃), ukuze insimbi icishe ifinyelele izinga lokushisa elilingana negumbi.Thola ukwakheka kwengxube yengxubevange C ikakhulukazi eyakhiwe i-martensite kanye nenani elincane le-A eyinsalela kanye nokusabalalisa komfaniswano osele, futhi uthole ukwakheka okufanayo kwe-martensite epholile ngemva kokushisa.Gwema ukuguqula i-austenite egciniwe kakhulu emazingeni okushisa okusebenza ukuze uthinte ukusebenza noma ukuwohloka kocezu lokusebenza.Lezi zilinganiso ezincane ze-austenite ezigciniwe kufanele ziguqulwe ngokuphelele ezinkambisweni ezimbili noma ezintathu zokushisa ngemva kokucisha.Ngendlela, kuboniswa lapha ukuthi isakhiwo se-martensite esitholwe ngemva kokucinywa kwensimbi ye-H13 yi-lath M + inani elincane le-flake M + inani elincane le-residual A. I-alloy carbides enhle kakhulu yenzeke ku-lath M ngemva kokushisa.Izazi zasekhaya nazo zenze umsebenzi othile