Namuhla, ngizokunikeza isingeniso esifushane somlando wepulasitiki.

Ipulasitiki yokuqala eyakhiwe ngokuphelele emlandweni wesintu kwakuyi-phenolic resin eyenziwe yi-American Baekeland ene-phenol ne-formaldehyde ngo-1909, eyaziwa nangokuthi ipulasitiki yase-Baekeland.Ama-phenolic resins enziwa ukusabela kwe-condensation kwama-phenols nama-aldehydes, futhi ayingxenye yepulasitiki ye-thermosetting.Inqubo yokulungiselela ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezimbili: isinyathelo sokuqala: okokuqala hlanganisa i-polymerize ibe inhlanganisela enezinga eliphansi lomugqa we-polymerization;isinyathelo sesibili: sebenzisa ukwelashwa kokushisa okuphezulu ukuze uguqule ibe yinhlanganisela ye-polymer enezinga eliphezulu le-polymerization.
Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu yentuthuko, imikhiqizo yepulasitiki manje yonke indawo futhi iyaqhubeka ikhula ngezinga elishaqisayo.I-resin ehlanzekile ingase ingabi nambala futhi ibonakale noma imhlophe ngokubukeka, ukuze umkhiqizo ungabi nezici ezicacile nezikhangayo.Ngakho-ke, ukunikeza imikhiqizo yepulasitiki imibala ekhanyayo sekuyisibopho esingenakugwenywa semboni yokucubungula amapulasitiki.Kungani amapulasitiki enziwe ngokushesha kangaka eminyakeni eyikhulu nje?Ikakhulukazi ngoba unezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

1. Ipulasitiki ingakhiqizwa ngezinga elikhulu.(Ngokusebenzisaisikhunta sepulasitiki)

2. Ukuminyana okuhlobene kwepulasitiki kulula futhi amandla aphezulu.

3. Ipulasitiki inokumelana nokugqwala.

4. Ipulasitiki inezindawo ezinhle zokuvikela nokushisa.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamapulasitiki.Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-thermoplastics?

1. I-Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ingenye yamapulasitiki ahloswe kakhulu.Phakathi kwamapulasitiki amahlanu aphezulu emhlabeni, umthamo wawo wokukhiqiza ungowesibili ngemuva kwe-polyethylene.I-PVC inobulukhuni obuhle nokumelana nokugqwala, kodwa ayinakho ukunwebeka, futhi i-monomer yayo inobuthi.

2. I-Polyolefin (PO), evame kakhulu i-polyethylene (PE) ne-polypropylene (PP).Phakathi kwazo, i-PE ingenye yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki emikhulu kakhulu yenjongo evamile.I-PP inokuminyana okuphansi kwesihlobo, ayinabo ubuthi, ayinaphunga futhi inokumelana nokushisa okuhle.Ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ekushiseni okungaba ngu-110 degrees Celsius.Eyethuisipuni sepulasitikiyenziwe ngebanga lokudla le-PP.

3. Ama-styrene resins, okuhlanganisa i-polystyrene (PS), i-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (I-ABS) kanye ne-polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

4. I-Polyamide, i-polycarbonate, i-polyethylene terephthalate, i-polyoxymethylene (i-POM).Lolu hlobo lwepulasitiki lungasetshenziswa njengento yesakhiwo, eyaziwa nangokuthi impahla yobunjiniyela.

Ukutholakala nokusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki kuye kwabhalwa emibhalweni yomlando, futhi kwakuyinto eqanjiwe yesibili ebalulekile eyathinta isintu ekhulwini lama-20.Ipulasitiki iyisimangaliso ngempela emhlabeni!Namuhla, singasho ngaphandle kwehaba: "Izimpilo zethu azikwazi ukuhlukaniswa nepulasitiki"!